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Pyramids,
former Pyramids, placed in Egyptian city of Al-Kahira (nowdays Egypt), not obsolete.
Counts as a Granary in every one of your cities.
Desscription shouldn't be necessary

Qubbath As-Sahra
former Hanging Gardens, in egyptian city of Al-Kuds (nowdays
Palestinian territory occupied by Israel)
Not obsolete. One extra happy citizen in every city.
Qubbat as-Sakhra, The Dome On The Rock, was built for caliph Abd Al-Malik
in year 691, on the top of Moria moultain (in a place where ancient Jewish
Temple used to stand), a place where Abraham wanted to sacrifice Isaac, and
where angel appeared to punish David. According to Jewish tradition, this
rock is the center of the World. According to Moslem tradition, in this rock
there are impressed signs of Mahomet's and Elias feets and Gabriel's hand.
Another Moslem tradition says that in the Judgement Day Kaaba from Mecca will
come to it, Gabriel will stand on it to proclaim the Judgement, and the rock 
will speak with human voice. In The Dome Moslems keep relique of the hair of
Mahomet's beard. Under the mosque, there is a cave where the Prophet was 
sleaping before He was taken to the Heaven.
Shape and decorations of Qubbat as-Sakhra are masterpieces of Byzantine art 
(as Umajjads supported Greek tradition in art). During Latin rules in city,
The Dome On The Rock was known as "Templum Domini".

Hagia Eirene
former Colossus, in Roman city of Constantinople (nowdays Turkey),
not obsolete. City produces one extra trade arrow in each square that
already produces one.
Historians attribute the founding of the church of Hagia Eirene to Constantine the Great. 
The historian Socrates, however, mentions that an earlier small church was rebuilt larger 
by the Emperor, who named it Hagia Eirene. From Constantine to Justinian this church was 
considered as the most important one in Constantinople. A source of later date, the "Life 
of St. Stephen the Younger", written in 808, records that the Second Ecumenical Council, 
which in 381 condemned Macedonius the Pneumatomachian and proclaimed the dogma of the 
consubstantiality of the Holy Trinity, was held in Hagia Eirene. The church of Hagia Eirene 
shared the fate of the famous church of Hagia Sophia. Besides, both stood within the same 
precincts, to the east of the Sacred Palace, and were in effect separated by the Hospice 
of Samsom. The "narrative" of the construction of Hagia Sophia mentions that Bishop 
Nectarius (381-397) was forced to transfer his see to Hagia Eirene and stay there, when 
in 397 the Arians burned the roof of Hagia Sophia. Before long, in September 404, the 
angry mob of Christians protesting against the second banishment of John 
Chrysostom burned the whole building to the ground. Until 415, when Hagia Sophia was
rebuilt, Hagia Eirene was the see of the Bishop of Constantinople. Gutted by fire during 
the Nika revolt, the church of Hagia Eirene was rebuilt by Justinian. Its size was such 
that "Constantinople had no churches larger than the Hagia Eirene and the Hagia Sophia"
(Procopius). In 564 a new fire destroyed the atrium and the narthex, which were immediately 
restored. In 738 the church was severely damaged by an earth-quake and restored. In 867 the 
Patriarch Ignatius convoked in this church a council against his opponent Photius. It is also 
known that the Ecumenical Patriarch officiated here except on the occasion of great celebrations
and ceremonies attended by the Emperor, when he conducted the Liturgy at Hagia Sophia. Hence, 
most of the chroniclers and historians of the time refer to Hagia Eirene as "the Patriarchate".
The church of Hagia Eirene was never converted into a mosque. Since, however, it stood within the
enclosure of the Saray and next to the barracks of the Janissaries it served for a long time as 
an arsenal. In 1846 it became a Museum of Antiquities and in 1874 a Military Museum. In 1946 the 
collections of ormaments were removed and archaeological excavations were begun. Remains of two 
ancient temples, dedicated to Apollo and Aphrodite, have been discovered within and around the 
church. In its present condition the monument is assignable to the age of Justinian. In fact, 
the column capitals have preserved the monograms of Justinian and Theodora. The plan is that of 
a basilica with dome, i.e. of the well-known transitional type after the model of Hagia Sophia. 
The synthronon has survived along the semicircular wall of the apse. The atrium was drastically 
altered at times, but its basic lay-out is that of the 8th century. To the west there are some 
Turkish constructions. The decorations of later date on the exterior of the north entrance and 
an idyllic 19th century scenery painted in the narthex are also Turkish. Scant remains of wall 
mosaics are visible at places, particularly on the triumphal arch. while the far end of the 
diakonikon has preserved a wall painting of two saints with ruined faces. On the half-dome of 
the apse, the clear outline of a large cross on a three-stepped base has survived from the 
Iconoclast period. Two inscriptions with verses from the Psalms of David on the triumphal arch 
are probably of the 6th century.
All of this text was taken from:
http://www.patriarchate.org/ecumenical_patriarchate/
oslt; it is official site of constantipolitan patriarch.
Very nice!

Amalphi
former Lighthouse, in Genuan-Hungarian city of Amalfi (nowdays Italy).
Triremes can move across oceans w/o danger, and all other
types of ship have their movement rate increased by one.
Also, all new ships you produce receive veteran status.
The icon shows us part of the cathedral tower, which is the
most interesting monument of Amalfi. It doesn't impress You by
size, but definitely is one of more interesting churches of Italy.
It's very nice, so rich and Moslem, Byzantine and Romanesque at
one time. However, the facade was made in year 1891 and I don't know
if it didn't look poorer before. Nevertheless, it is nice. This year's
holidays I have spent in Italy, next to Amalfi, and when I finally
by constant asking made my family go there, no-one was disappointed.
However, about the history of the church I don't know more then
it is written in the leaflet I took from there. The first basilica,
of the Crucifix, was built in year 833, and the basilica
that today is the actual cathedral was added 54 years later.
The bell tower was created in years 1180-1276. In year 1206
the reliques of St Andrew the Apostle were buried in the cript.
They were robbed from the Andrew's patriarchal city, Constantinople.
Chiostro del Paradiso was realised in years 1266-8.
Today, the inside of the church is baroque, but that doesn't interest
us. Now, You may ask, what I am giving a wonder to Amalfi for,
when yet most of the things weren't finished when the scenario starts.
There are some reasons. Wonders are nothing else but information
about importance of the city; that's one. The second thing is that
Amalfi had Tavoliera Amalfitana, a code of mediterrean maritime laws;
I think Lighthouse is the best wonder to represent it.

Acropolis,
former Great Library, in Roman city of Athens (nowdays Greece).
Obsolete.
Description shouldn't be necessary.

St Peter's Cathedral
former Oracle, in Roman city of Antiochia (nowdays Turkey)
Not obsolete, doubles the effect of all of your mosques.
It was one of the largest churches of the Christian East,and a place where
the (false, of course) Holy Lance was found.
I haven't got a clue how it had looked. The icon is taken from some
other scenario. I only created this wonder to honour Antioch and allow
it to be in TFC. 

Pisa's Cathedral
former Great Wall, in Genuan-Hungarian city of Pisa (nowdays Italy)
Obsolete.
OK, it was built over century later. Who cares! I like this building.
Perhaps because I never had a chance to see it. And I was so close...
Anyway, the cathedral was built somewhere in the second half of XII
century and surely is one of nicest looking romanesque edifices.

Ince Minare
former Sun Tzu's War Academy, not built, originally in (at the time the
scenario starts) Roman city of Ikonion (nowdays Turkey)
Not obsolete.
All new ground units produced gain Veteran status.
Any unit which wins a combat gains Veteran status.
Nikea was the first capital of Anatolian Seljuks,
but it played that role only for a while, as it
was liberated by Romans during the first crusade;
only in the second capital, Ikonion (Konya),
we can see some remains of Seljuk architecture.
the most known is Ince Minare, Madrasa built
by Vizier Fakhr Al-Din Ali about year 1260.
Its name comes from its turquoise brickworked
minaret, and means just "Slender Minaret".
Well, it has also beautiful stone decoration.
Really impressing. OK, it doesn't fit the times
the scenario is about completely, but who cares...
i needed some example of Seljuk architecture in
Anatolia, and that's the one I liked the most...

Al-Kazimain
former King Richard's crusade, in Moslem city of Baghdad (nowdays Iraq)
Not obsolete.
Every square in the city's radius produces an extra
resource "shield".
Today the Shia is associated with Iran. But it was Iraq
-ironically, the base of Abbasid caliphate- that was the
place where it was born, and where it first gained some
importance. It was because of numberous places of death
of Ali's family (usually killed on order of sunnite
Abbasid caliphs) Two of shiite imams' tombs are located
in baghdad, next to each other. The imams were exactly
the seventh one, Musa al-Kazim and his grandson, the ninth
imam, Muhammad al-Taqi, who died in year 835.
Each of the tomb is marked with a dome, and that's why the
mosque is known as "two Kazims", Al-Kazamain. however,
because of their colour, it is also known as The Golden
Mosque too.

H.Apostles,
former Marco Polo Embassy, in Roman city of Constantionople (nowdays Turkey)
Obsolete
that's the third of great Constantinopolitan basilicas of Justinian times,
built by creators of Hagia Sofia, Antemios of Tralles (today Aydin)
and Isidor of Milet. Its construction was much simpler, though.
it was pure greek cross construction with a Hagia-Sofia like dome
on it, and four smaller domes by the sides. Anyway, it became a model
for some other churches, including San Marco in Venice.

Abbasid Caliphate
former Michenangelo's Chapel, in Moslem city of Bagdad
Not obsolete.
Counts as a Cathedral in each of your cities.
The icon representing Abbasid Caliphate is black,
as black was their flag, dark were the borning days
of their caliphate and dark were the days of their
end. After Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, Omajjad
dinasty of caliphs begane. As their dinasty dethronised
Ali and were persecuting his family, they were hated by
shiites. Additionally, Abbasids, as closer relatives of
The Prophet, thought about replacing Omajjads.
And so, one day, shiites and Abbasids united,
and dethronised Omajjads. But this didn't mean,
as shiites wanted, reestablishment of previous
version of caliphate, but start of new caliph
dinasty. Despite the richness of caliphs,
flourishing of art and science, and military triumphs,
Abbasid reign ment slow decline of caliphate.
Omajjads separated in Spain, and new shiite movements
were borning, as karmates or ismaillites. Soon,
caliph name wasn't anything special. Omajjads
in Spain, Fatimids in Egypt and Africa, later
Almorawids etc took it. Moreover, Abbasids
were loosing control over their own lands.
Abbasid times were the ones in which Moslem
duchies and kingdoms ruling separately were
borning, in which the lands of Islam have 
got smaller for the first time. I would risk
a claim, however, that separation of local
dinasties made Islam stronger and allowed it
to survive. However, in the half of XIII century,
when the Abbasid caliphate was liquidated by Mongols,
it's lands were reduced to Bagdad only. Note, even
without second Abbasid caliphate, which was installed
in Cairo and survived up to Turkish conquest, it was
the longest "ruling" Moslem dinasty ever.

Athos,
former Copernicus' Observatory, not built, originally next to the Roman city
of Thessalonike (nowdays Greece)
Not obsolete.Increases science output of city by 50%%.
From early Christian times, Athos was a place of hermitages,
and from VII century, thanks to emperor Konstantine Pogonatos,
it was a possesity of the monks. It isn't just one monastery,
it's a complex of monasteries of different nations; f.e.
between years 982 and 985, great Georgian monastery was founded,
and in the second half of XII century, Ruthenian one;
note, however, that up to the IX century, the saint mountain
of Roman monasticism was rather Olimp then Athos; Georgian monastery
was founded there almost a century earlier! Lets say that the start of
Athos' supremacy was foundation of Great Laura by Nikeforos Fokas in
year 964; this emperor, the one that for the first time since the
iconoclast times fought against the dangerous for the state might
of monasteries, founded this one to modernise hermitages; it's
Nicefor's friend, saint Atanasius, that were forced the new kind
of hermitages, where monks were living together, and obeying one typikon.
But it's only Alexios Komnenos who is the real founder of Monks' Republic.
He gave Athos autonomy that it keeps up to the present day;
Athos should be ruled by protos, the president of hegumenoi,
the council of monasteries' leaders. protos should be accepted by
basileus, and dependant only from Him (later, however, the patriarch
of Constantinople replaced the emperor here)  

Aqueducts of Carthage, 
former Magellan's Expedition, next to Moslem city of Tunis (nowdays Tunisia)
Not obsolete.
Movement rate of all ships is increased by two.
I read in "Renaissance of Islam" of A.Mez probably,
some text of an Medieval Arab, that claimed there
are two wonders of the World. One was I-do-not-remember-what,
and the second one were the aqueducts of Carthago.
Anyway, I needed some wonder for Tunis.

Hagia Sofia
former Shakespeare's Theatre, in Roman city of Constantinople (nowdays
Turkey)
Not obsolete.
All unhappy citizens in city are content.
Emperor Constantine The Great, founding his residential city in place of old 
Byzantion, and giving him his own name, built also three big secular basilics,
so edifices for meetings and feasts, giving them significant names:
Eirene - Peace, Dynamis - Might, Sophia - Wisdom. They were supposed to signify 
three simbolic pillars of authority - peaceful, might and wise - and characterize
all happy epoch. Those notions were connected rather with ideas of ancient 
philosophy, but could also be understood in Christian way. 
  And that's what have happened, especially in case of Wisedom - Sophia. She started 
to be called Saint Wisedom, meaning - God's. This was the name of basilica when -it's 
hard to say when, opinions are divided - it becamed Christian church, and even 
a cathedral of the capital. In Eastern countries, this name was always undertstood as 
God's feature or as a metaphoristic way of calling the Christ. Things were different 
in the West. There, and even quite early, people were saying about St.Sophia, keeping
the Greek word, but not always understanding it's meaning. From this point, there
is only a small distance to the opinion, that it is about some concrete person,
especially that in Rome people adored a martyre named Sophia. 
  To be exact, We should, speaking about the cathedral of Constantinople, use name
of Saint Wisedom, what is the exact translation of Greek Hagia Sophia, or Thw Wisedom
of the God, which is the translation of idea. But, on the other side, West-European 
tradition should make us call it just St.Sophie, which don't mean the personiphication
of the name.
  Restoration of the church was a necessity after the destructions caused by Nika rebel
in january of year 532. Money spent on this work were acquired from conquiscate of 
troublers' posessions after the end of the revolt. Architects were Antemius of Tralles
(now a very nice town of Aydin) and Isidor of Miletos, cities in west Asia Minor.
Both were fameous as mathematics. Isidor is known especially as publisher of Archimedes'
works; this one, whoose theorem about a solid plunged in water is known by every pupil
and who has died in year 212 BC, when Romans were capturing Syracuse. It is Isidor, thanks
to whom the writings of genial mathematic have survived.
  There is something in it really filling with high spirits in it. Empires, countries,
cities are dieing, humanity is living through all kinds of drastic changes or even 
cataclysms, religions are dieing and borning, and the creation of the thought lasts,
solicitiously preserved from generation to generation. Seven centuries were dividing
Isidor, builder of christian church, citizen of ruled by emperor empire, from Archimedes,
believer of many Gods, citizen of Greek city in Sicily. But still, They were links of the
same chain of stubborn and bold human thought, both were real servants of the same Wisedom.
(isn't that beautifull?-Maciek)
OK. I haven't got time for translating more. I only add that the works started in year 532,
and inauguration was 26 december 537 and may 557 (Antemius' dome has fallen after an 
earthquake. Isidor restored it). Later history everybody knows. I only say how I'm sad that
when I was in Constantinople, Hagia was closed, chlip-chlip
By the way, don't You think it's significant that Peace and Wisedom have survived, but
Might has at first changed its name (church of St.Apostles), and later was destroyed 
by Turks?
I translated it from: Aleks(x)ander's Krawczuk's "Suite of Byzantine emperors".

Great mosque of Cairouan,
former Da Vinci's Workshop, in Msolem city of Al-Kajrawan
(nowdays Tunisia)
Obsolete.
Cairouan was founded by Uqba Ibn An-Nafi during the first Arabian
expedition in Africa (meaning the territory today known as Tunisia),
in year 670. That's also when the first Great Mosque in Cairouan
was built. They say that the qibla direction was shown by God's
revelation. Thirty years later, when old mosque turned out to be
too small and too modest for growning Cairouan community, it was
completely rebuilt; only the miraculous mihrab was preserved.
Its final look comes of Aghlabid times.
The three-level minaret of this mosque was a model for minarets
of all historical Africa.


San Marco
former J.S. Bach's Cathedral, in Norman-Venezian city of Venezia.
Not obsolete.
Decreases unhappy citizens on same continent by 2 per city.
According to the legend, when Saint Mark, the apostle,
was on his way to Rome, and he stopped for a while in
lagoon, he had a revelation of an angel, who told Him,
that He'll be buried in this place. Well, at least that
was excuse for Venezians when they stole his corps from
Alexandria in year 828; every city needed some saint patron,
and one of the apostles was definitely a good men for it.
Such saint of course demanded a nice church under his name;
Venezians, nominally still vassals of the Roman Empire
(I mean the real, eastern one) were under heavy Greek
cultural influence when it comes to architecture; they've
chosen church of Holy Apostles, one of three greatests
churches in Constantinople, as a model for their edifice.
It was finished in year 832, but burned during
a revolt against the doge in year 976; its main modern shape
comes of year 1094, but note, the basilica was many times
reconstructed. It wasn't, as today, the cathedral of Venice,
it was a chapel of the doges, and as such, was decorated with
Venezian trophies; the most known of them are of course
horses robbed in Constantinople during the fourth crusade. 

Umajjads' Mosque
former Isaac Newton's College, in egyptian city of Dimasq (nowdays Syria)
Not obsolete.
Doubles science output of city.
History of this place feflects history of all Syria.About 3000 years ago 
it was a place of cult of Syrian god of storm, Hadad. After Roman conquest,
in I century before Christ, old building was turned into a temple to 
Jupiter. In IV century, emperor Teodosius builded there basilica of 
st.John (his head, as head of prophet Jahja,is kept in this mosque as its
greatest relique). After Arabian conquest, basilica was anected by Moslems, 
and in year 705 caliph Al-Walid transformed it into the first miracle of 
Moslem world, great mosque of Damascus, thanks to the help of Byzantine 
emperor, who gave Caliph artisants needed to install Byzantine mosaics in 
mosque. This magnificient building, full of Christian remains, becamed a 
model for mosques all over the (Moslem) world. Old towers of Christian 
basilica were the first minarets. And the highest of them is called Isa 
(Jesus in Arabian) - according to one Moslem tradition, in the Judgement
Day, Jesus will stand on it and judge the World...

Chrysobulla,
former Adam Smith's Trading Co., not built
Not obsolete.
Pays the maintenance for all city improvements which
ordinarily cost 1 gold per turn.  City improvements
requiring more than 1 gold per turn maintenance are not
affected.
During his fight with Normans soon after he obtained the throne,
Alexios was forced to look for a fleet able to oppose the Norman one.
The obvious ally was natural at the time enemy of Normans - or rather
anyone willing to control both sides of Adriatic Sea - Venice,
theoretically autonomic part of the Empire. But Venice forced Alexios
to pay for their help, and the payment was great indeed. It was
Chrysobulla, which allowed Venetians to trade freely in the Empire
practically without paying no taxes. Alexios probably thought
taht by such great favour, Venice will be completely tied up with
Romans, as afraid of loosing trade profits. But it ended up in
something completely else. Venetians monopolised trade in the Empire;
as local merchants couldn't oppose them, and were vanishing, and as
Venetians paid no taxes, the Empire was becoming poor, and couldn't
afford fleet of course to oppose the Venetians. Additionally, the
emperors tried to cure this illness with another, they gave the same
favours to other sea republics.
In another words; Chrysobulla of Alexios gave the Venezians ability
to create their empire, which resulted with collapse of the Empire.

Hadrian's temple
former Darwin's Voyage, in Roman city of Ephesos (nowdays Turkey)
Obsolete.
@@@@@@@@@@@@@

Alexias,
former The Statue of Liberty, not built,
Obsolete.
It is in fact a wonder representing all works of Byzantine renaissance
in literature at the time, from Timarion to Alexias.
Anyway, Alexias is generally a history of Alexios' Komnenos'
reign written in classical Greek by his beloved dotter, Anna Komnena.
It is said to be one of the best things in Byzantine literature, perhaps
the most valuable both because its literatural and historical value.
Well, I couldn't check it.
Though translation of it is present in my city library, it is constantly
taken. But that represents its quality I guess. Other Byzantine-connected
stuff is borrowed perhaps only by one person -me.

Pantheon,
former The Eiffel Tower, in Christian city of Rome (nowdays Italy)
When you first obtain control of the Eiffel Tower,
Every civilization's attitude toward you is immediately shifted 25 points
in your favor (on a hundred point scale).  Attitudes continue to improve
gradually over time.  Other civilizations are also quicker to forget your
past transgressions.

Al-Aqsa,
former Hoover Dam, in Moslem city of Al-Kuds (nowdays Palestinian
territory occupied by Israel)
Obsolete.
This mosque was built by caliph Abd al-Malik or his son, Al-Walid, next to Qubbat as-Sahra.
Its name means "distant" because it is supposed to be the goal of Mahomet's pilgrimage 
to Jerusalem. Unfortunatelly, its history is so complicated, that nobody
really knows when it was exactly built and how exactly it looked. But, supposedly,
the main shape is original. What is interesting is that although it was built as
mosque, it has a shape of Christian basilica. It is like so because the architects 
were Jerusalemians, probably Christians. To fit it to Moslem prayer needs, six
additional naves were builded on each side of oratorium.
After Jerusalem was captured by crusaders in year 1099, it was changed into 
Christian church, and became the residance of Templar Order Knights.  

San Apollinare in Classe, 
former Women's Suffrage, in Christian city of Rawenna (nowdays Italy)
Counts as a Police station in every one of your cities.
(Decreases unhappiness caused by troops away from city by 1).
Not obsolete
This very big paleochristian basilica was built on order of
bishop Ursicino, and the money for it was given by a Greek
goldsmith, Julian. It was finished in year 549 by bishop
Maximillian, and dedicated to first bishop of Classe.
It's perhaps the nicest of Rawennian-type basilicas.
Unfortunatelly, it suffered a lot during its long history;
In year 1449, it was robbed of marbles, and during the second
world war, in fact, it was supposed to be destroyed, as its
towe was an observation point for German army.

The Great Citadel,
former Manhattan project, in Moslem city of Haleb (nowdays Syria)
Obsolete
The first inhabitants of ancient Aleppo chose the high hill on which the Citadel 
is currently situated, which offers a natural defense advantage, to settle and 
build their first temples. With time, this place evolved as the acropolis of the 
Hellenistic city. When the Persians attacked Northern Syria, their invasion came to 
a halt opposite the great walls of the Citadel. The Arab army of Khaled Ibn Al-Waleed 
had to use subterfuge to gain control of the citadel: a group of soldiers camouflaged 
as goats, penetrated the citadel, and opened its gates from the inside. With the Arab 
conquest of the Citadel, a new chapter in its history started. Grand architectural 
extensions and constructions transformed the Citadel into one of the most impressive 
examples of Islamic military architecture. Successive attempts by the Byzantines to 
retake the Citadel met with resounding failures. History tells us how the emperor 
Nicephore Phocas massacred 12000 Aleppine captives in front of its walls , having 
failed to overtake it by force. Saif Al- Dawala, the most glorious Sultan of the 
Hammadani dynasty, made Aleppo the capital of a large kingdom in Northern Syria, and 
lived in the Citadel that was considered his official residence. During the Crusades, 
the Franc prince of Antioch, Renaud de Chatillon /later the prince of Oultrejordain, 
this, who had provoked a war so unfortunate for Outremer.../, spent sixteen years in 
the Citadel as a prisoner. The Ayyobbies, the dynasty of Saladin, saved no money or 
effort in repairing damaged Citadel. King Az-Zaher Al-Ghazi, son of Saladin, returned 
the Citadel to its status as an official residence of Kings. Then came calamities. In 
1259 the Mongols, led by Hulagu-Khan, entered Aleppo, occupied the Citadel, and 
demolished its walls. This was followed by the great terror of Tamerlaine who ravaged 
it once more. The Citadel had to wait for the Mameluck Sultans before being repaired. 
However, the Citadel lost its strategic importancy during the Ottoman reign when 
Aleppo became an internal city within the Ottoman Empire. The Citadel was left to 
waste away slowly. In 1828, a major earthquake completed what time has not finished. 
The Citadel became a collection of semi-derelict buildings, cracked walls, and heaps 
of ruins. Like the legendary Phoenix, the Citadel rose from ashes and came back to 
life in modern day Syria. 
This Pedia text was taken from:  info@syria-online.com

Ibn Tulun's Mosque, in Egyptian city of Al-Kahira
(nowdays Egypt)
former United Nations, in egyptian city of Al-Kahira (nowdays Egypt)
Built in year 879, by Ahmad Ibn Tulun, gouvernor of Egypt, is inspirated by architecture 
of Samarra and has a little Christian conexions. The main feature of this mosque is its 
"simplicity, which doesn't quarrel with its beauty". It is mostly known for its 
characteristic spiral minaret. It follows the example of minarets of Samarra, which are 
reminding Persian pre-Moslem towers sacred to fire.     

Hagia Sofia (the Thessalonikan one) in Roman city of thessalonike
(nowdays Greece)
former Apollo program, in Roman city of Thessalonike (nowdays Greece)
Hagia Sofia in Constantinople was too big and too... well, expensive,
to be copied in provinces of the Empire. Therefore, the model for
provincional churches was largely church of Holy Apostles in Constantinople
and this church, Hagia Sofia in Thessalonike. No-one knows when it
was built exactly; about the same time as its Constantinopolitan sister,
but it may have been before, or after when it was built...
I don't find this church, of the photo I have (because unfortunatelly
I have never been in Sołuń) too attractive, but I need some wonder in
this city... 

Al-Azhar,
former SETI Program, in Egyptian city of Al-Kahira
(nowdays Egypt)
Counts as a research lab in every one of your cities; effectively
doubles your science output.
Al-Azhar was the first Fatimids' religious foundation in Egypt,
in their new capital, Cairo. It was finished in year 972, but
note, it was reconstructed many times. I'm now too lazy to make
any deeper description of its original -or even modern- look,
I'll just say (oh, how wise it sounds in my mouth and in my ears!)
that it used to draw from African (I mean Ifraquijja
by Africa, no Africa as a continent) Moslem architecture, and local
Moslem architecture of Ibn Tulun's times.
What is important; Al-Azhar was not only a mosque.
It was also (Unless I have forgotten about something)
first Moslem university.

The Lighthouse,
former Cure for Cancer, in Egyptian city of Al-Iskanderija
(nowdays Egypt)
One extra happy citizen in each city.
The description shouldn't be necessary